3차 문재인-김정은 정상회담 성과와 과제

 

메모(1) 3차 문재인-김정은 정상회담 성과는, 김정은 연내 서울 방문으로 보인다. 

-영변 핵시설 영구적 폐기는 미국이 북한에 상응하는 '조치'를 해줘야 가능하다는 '전제'를 덧붙였다.

- 군사 분야 합의서, '군사 공동 위원회' 부활로 인해, 남북의 실질적인 종전이 가능하게 되었다. 

메모(2) 남북한 정부와 시민들이 다시금 깨달아야 할 것은 아직도 남북한이 완전한 독립국가가 아니라는 사실이다. 남북 철도 하나 잇는 것도 미,중 관계를 고려해야 한다는 것이다.

소결론/과제:

 (1) 제 2차 북미 회담이 필요하다. 11월 미국 중간 선거 이전까지 미국 트럼프와 북한과의 협상이 실질적으로 진행되느냐가 가장 중요한 관건이 될 것이다. 미국이 북한 체제 보장을 위한 구체적인 조치를 취해주는 게 필요하다. 

(2) 문재인 정부와 한국의 역할이 중요하다. 미국내 북한 김정은 정권의 비핵화 선언에 대해서 의구심을 보내거나 아예 부정하는 세력이 아직도 많다. 이는 북과 미를 중재하는 문재인 정부가 해결해야 할 과제 중에 하나다.

North Korea agrees to shut down missile site, says Moon

• 37 minutes ago

• Share this with Facebook
 
• Share this with Messenger
 
• Share this with Twitter
 
• Share this with Email
 
• Share

Related Topics

• Korea leaders' summit

Image copyrightREUTERS

Image captionMoon Jae-in and Kim Jong-un signed what they say is 'a leap forward'

Kim Jong-un has agreed to shut down one of North Korea's main missile testing and launch sites, says South Korea's President Moon Jae-in.

After meeting in Pyongyang, the two leaders "agreed on a way to achieve denuclearisation," said Mr Moon.

The agreement was described by Mr Kim as a "leap forward" towards military peace on the peninsula.

Mr Kim also said he hoped to "visit Seoul in the near future" - he would be the first North Korean leader to do so.

Summit results: Denuclearisation

The main focus of the summit was the issue of denuclearisation. While the US and North Korea agreed in broad terms earlier this year to work towards that goal, negotiations have stalled.

Pyongyang has now sought to reconfirm its commitment.

Media captionThe war that never officially ended

Mr Moon said Mr Kim had "agreed to permanently close the Tongchang-ri missile engine test site and missile launch facility" and, crucially, that this would be done "in the presence of experts from relevant nations" who could verify it was no longer operational.

• Tongchang-ri has been North Korea's main satellite launch facility since 2012, according to monitoring group 38 North.
• It has also been used for testing engines for North Korean missiles capable of reaching the US.
• Read more on North Korea's missile and nuclear programme

He said Mr Kim had also agreed to shut down the Yongbyon nuclear facility - where North Korea is believed to have produced the material used in its nuclear tests - but only if the US took some reciprocal action. The details of that were not specified.

North Korea blew up its main nuclear testing site at Punggye-ri shortly before Mr Kim's meeting with US President Donald Trump in June.

"The outcome is a big win for Moon Jae-in, who has managed to extract a series of positive headlines from Kim Jong-un related to denuclearisation," Ankit Panda, editor of The Diplomat, told the BBC.

"None of the concessions are truly costly to Kim and won't help move North Korea toward short-term disarmament, but provide a further basis for confidence building on which US-North Korea talks can move forward."

Summit results: North and South relations

The two countries also made advances on inter-Korean ties, announcing plans to link up their railways, allow more reunions for families separated by war and co-operate on health care.

• Moon: Caught between Trump and Kim
• North Korea's sidelined human rights crisis
• North Korea crisis in 300 words

Mr Moon invited the North Korean leader to Seoul, suggesting the visit should take place before the end of this year.

They will also seek to co-host the 2032 Summer Olympics.

Media captionHow North Korea welcomed the South Korean leader

The South's defence minister and the head of the North Korean army also signed an agreement to reduce military tensions, establishing a buffer zone along the border to prevent accidental clashes.

The signing came mid-way through a three-day visit to Pyongyang by Mr Moon.

While it is the first trip to the North Korean capital in a decade by a leader from the South, it is Mr Moon's third meeting with Kim Jong-un since their historic summit in April.

• Sanitizers, salutes and other Korea summit moments
• Kim Jong-un: King of Pyongyang
• Will historic Koreas summit lead to peace?

What does this mean for the US?

Efforts towards denuclearisation between the North and the US had recently hit a deadlock and this week's Pyongyang summit will bolster the South's role as a mediator.

Mr Trump was quick to tweet his applause for the Moon-Kim summit.

Skip Twitter post by @realDonaldTrump

Donald J. Trump

✔@realDonaldTrump

Kim Jong Un has agreed to allow Nuclear inspections, subject to final negotiations, and to permanently dismantle a test site and launch pad in the presence of international experts. In the meantime there will be no Rocket or Nuclear testing. Hero remains to continue being........

12:04 AM - Sep 19, 2018

• 31.5K
• 14K people are talking about this

Twitter Ads info and privacy

Report

End of Twitter post by @realDonaldTrump

The US and North Korea held their own historic meeting in June when Mr Trump and Mr Kim agreed in broad terms to work towards denuclearisation.

Since then though, there's been little progress with no clear process nor timeline laid out.

Image copyrightREUTERS

Image captionThe June Trump-Kim summit has so far yielded limited results

Most observers warn that so far the North has taken no meaningful steps to end its controversial nuclear weapons programme and this week's summit might not be enough to convince them otherwise.

• The stories behind Korean family reunions
• Imagine a North Korean family...
• Six months' training for 10 minutes on parade

"For instance, the commitment to shutting down the Yongbyon complex is premised on reciprocal US measures, which raises difficulties," warns Mr Panda. "Washington will have to help move the needle here and it's unclear if the Trump administration can do that."

Mr Trump recently said that he and Mr Kim would "prove everyone wrong", after he received an invitation from the North Korean leader for a second summit. Both sides say they are working on making that meeting happen.