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Global FDI flows surge 88% in 2021, rising above pre[1]pandemic levels
Global FDI flows bounced back in 2021, growing by 88% to USD 1 815 billion, and 37% above pre[1]pandemic levels. However, the outlook remains uncertain given the current geopolitical context.
This growth was driven by OECD area earnings on inward and outward FDI reaching some of their
highest levels since 2005; of those earnings, less was distributed to shareholders, resulting in
unprecedented levels of reinvestment of earnings. Inflows to the OECD area exceeded pre-pandemic
levels by 5% and outflows reached a seven-year record-high, boosted by high levels of reinvestment
of earnings.
FDI inflows to non-OECD G20 economies were 47% above pre-pandemic levels. FDI outflows to
non-OECD G20 economies were 20% above pre-pandemic levels.
In 2021, the United States was the top FDI destination worldwide, followed by China, Canada and
Brazil.
The United States was also the largest source of FDI outflows, which peaked in 2021, boosted by
high levels of reinvestement of earnings. Germany, Japan, China and the United Kingdom followed, with
more than USD 100 billion outflows in 2021.
Completed cross-border M&A deals exceeded pre-pandemic levels by 50% in advanced economies
and by 25% in emerging and developing economies.
The rebound in greenfield investment activity was less even, increasing in advanced economies
to surpass pre-pandemic levels by 16%, but remaining subdued in emerging and developing economies.
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