1. 알 자지라 뉴스 보도 - 이란의 종전 협상 조건들
이란 주장 1) 휴전 뿐만 아니라 2) 전쟁 이후 질서 (전쟁 억지력, 장기 경제활동과 안보 보장)
이란 정치-군장성들 말 (누구인지 모름) 1) 이란이 받지 못한 해외 무역 대금 (payment repatriations:
-해외 동결 자금의 본국 송환' '수출 대금의 본국 회수)
2) 이란에 대한 재침략 금지 보증.
3) 호르무즈 해협 통과에 대한 새 규제 방식
AP 뉴스 보도. 이란의 종전 협상 조건들
1) 이란 정치인(공직자) 살해 중단
2) 이란 침략 금지 조치
3) 전쟁 피해 보상
4) 적대조치 종식
5) 호르무즈 해협 주권 행사
2. 의견들 (언론 보도)
1) Negar Mortazavi (네가르 모르타자비, 미 와싱턴 소재, 국제정치 연구소) 의견 "이란은 자기 계획표대로 전쟁을 마무리하려고 한다. 경제제재 완화, 전쟁으로 인한 피해 보상과, 경제적 지렛대를 목표로 한다. (* 보충설명: 경제적 지렛대란 '호르무즈 해협 해상권 강화, 통행료 징수' '국제 유가 통제권' 획득 등을 의미)
미국과 이스라엘이 의도치 않은 결과. 이란은 '외교' 방식이 아니라, 이번 전쟁을 통해서 '경제 제재' 완화 조치를 획득. (미국이 해상 저장고에 있는 이란 원유 1.4억 배럴을 매각할 수 있게 만든 조치 등)
2) 이란 '최고 국가 안전 위원회' 의장, 모하마드 바게르 졸가드르 (Zolghadr)를, 알리 라리자니 후임으로 임명.
졸가드르는 혁명수비대 출신.
바박 바다드 Babak Vahdad 해석. 졸가드르 임명으로, 이란이 보다 더 강경한 입장을 취할 것임.
트럼프가 잠시 이란에 대한 공격을 멈춘 이유 (48시간 최후통첩 취소 이유)는
미국 지원 병력 도착과, 일본에서 오고 있는 USS 트리폴리 (Tripoli) 도착할 시간 버는 것.
지상군의 이란 상륙작전은 아직 미지수.
3) UAE 출신 정치학 교수 압둘하렉 압둘라 (Abdulkhaleq Abdulla)
- 이란이 호르무즈 해협의 통제권을 가져서는 안된다.
- 국제 공동체가 해상권을 가져야 한다.
- 군사적 조치를 취하는 것도 한 방법이다 (압둘라는 미국의 군사작전을 찬성)
Is Iran’s negotiating position stronger than when US-Israeli war started?
3. 인명 피해 상황
이란인 사망자 1500명
레바논 1100명
이스라엘 20명
미군 13명
12명 (팔레스타인 서안 지구, 걸프 아랍 국가들)
이라크 내 친이란 군인 80명 사망.
4. 국제 유가.
트럼프의 '이란과의 종전 협상' 발표 이후, 브렌트 원유 가격이 120달러~ 111 달러에서 100 달러로 하락.
그러나 종전보다 여전히 35% 인상된 가격.
유가 상승으로 인해, 식량과 음식가격 상승, 생필품 가격 상승, 주택융자와 자동차 대출 인상.
Tehran believes so, and will seek to extract concessions that the US and Gulf nations can’t agree to, analysts caution.
Iran's domestically built missiles and satellite carriers are displayed in a permanent exhibition at a recreational area in northern Tehran, Iran, Tuesday, March 24, 2026. (AP Photo/Vahid Salemi)
Iran's domestically built missiles and satellite carriers are displayed in a permanent exhibition at a recreational area in northern Tehran, Iran [File: Vahid Salemi/AP]
By Virginia Pietromarchi
Published On 25 Mar 2026
25 Mar 2026
United States President Donald Trump has said that Washington is engaged in “productive” talks with Iran. Publicly, Iranian officials have rejected Trump’s claims, calling them fake news designed to ease oil prices.
Behind the scenes, Egypt, Turkiye and Pakistan have established an indirect channel of communication between American and Iranian officials in the past few days, two senior diplomatic sources in the region told Al Jazeera. Still, regardless of the small window for diplomacy that may have emerged, experts remain sceptical over the prospects for a ceasefire as the positions of the warring parties remain far apart.
The Iranian leadership’s stance on what concessions to extract from the US appears to have hardened since the start of the war on February 28, when the US and Israel attacked Iran, killing its then Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.
The US and Israel insist that their nonstop attacks since then have significantly “degraded” Iran’s military capabilities – the Pentagon says 90 percent of Iran’s missile capacity has been wiped out. But Iran has shown it can still fire when it wants, and with precision.
In the Strait of Hormuz – a waterway through which a fifth of global oil exports pass – hundreds of vessels remain paralysed. And across the region, Iran has adopted an “eye for an eye” policy to re-establish deterrence and make sure that any threat is followed by action.
Just last week, Iranian forces hit Qatar’s main gas site – wiping out 17 percent of its export capacity – immediately after an Israeli attack on Iran’s South Pars field. After an attack on Iran’s Natanz nuclear power plant, two Iranian ballistic missiles pierced through Israel’s defence systems, hitting the southern cities of Arad and Dimona, wounding more than 180 people.
Iran’s aim now, say experts, is not merely a ceasefire but a post-war order that restores deterrence and secures long-term economic and security guarantees.
Iran’s new red lines
Iran’s political and military officials have said in recent days that they want payment repatriations, firm guarantees that Iran won’t be attacked again and a new regulatory framework for passage in the Strait of Hormuz.
Negar Mortazavi, a senior fellow at the Washington, DC-based Center for International Policy, says Tehran would seek to end the war on its own terms while extracting sanctions relief, reparations for damage and economic leverage.
“This chokehold on the Strait of Hormuz is now giving them ideas – ‘maybe we can charge passage fees like some other places in the world’ – there are those discussions in Iran,” Mortazavi said.
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Iran is unlikely to forfeit that leverage without major concessions, analysts say. That is especially so, given how Iran feels the war has helped it win some economic relief that it didn’t get through diplomacy. On Friday, the Trump administration temporarily waived sanctions on the purchase of 140 million barrels of Iranian oil at sea in an attempt to ease oil prices.
What does the US want?
One of the various reasons the US president listed to justify launching a war on Iran was to prevent Tehran from getting a nuclear bomb – despite having claimed to have obliterated Tehran’s nuclear programme during the 12-day war last year.
On Monday, Trump said he still wants Iran to give up the more than 400kg of uranium enriched to near-weapons grade. Iranian officials say the stock is buried under the rubble of one of the nuclear sites struck by the US.
이란이 농축 우라늄 400 kg을 포기하는 것.
In the past, the US also wanted Tehran to dismantle its ballistic missile programme and stop supporting armed groups across the region. According to one of two sources who spoke to Al Jazeera, Washington has now proposed that Iran keep 1,000 medium-range missiles in its arsenal, a change compared with previous demands.
But any diplomatic breakthrough would have to emerge amid a complete lack of trust from the Iranian side. Trump bombed Iran twice while his envoys were negotiating with Iranian representatives – in June 2025 and February 2026 – and he has repeatedly said that his goal is regime change.
Questions over Iran’s negotiators
It is also unclear who in Iran would be in charge of any negotiations – direct or indirect – with Washington, after US and Israeli attacks killed prominent members of the Iranian leadership, including Ali Larijani, who was the interlocutor to many mediators from other countries.
이란 '최고 국가 안전 위원회' 의장, 모하마드 바게르 졸가드르 (Zolghadr)를, 알리 라리자니 후임으로 임명.
졸가드르는 혁명수비대 출신.
바박 바다드 Babak Vahdad 해석. 졸가드르 임명으로, 이란이 보다 더 강경한 입장을 취할 것임.
트럼프가 잠시 이란에 대한 공격을 멈춘 이유 (48시간 최후통첩 취소 이유)는
미국 지원 병력 도착과, 일본에서 오고 있는 USS 트리폴리 (Tripoli) 도착할 시간 버는 것.
지상군의 이란 상륙작전은 아직 미지수.
UAE 출신 정치학 교수 압둘하렉 압둘라 (Abdulkhaleq Abdulla)
1) 이란이 호르무즈 해협의 통제권을 가져서는 안된다.
2) 국제 공동체가 해상권을 가져야 한다.
3) 군사적 조치를 취하는 것도 한 방법이다 (압둘라는 미국의 군사작전을 찬성)
On Tuesday, Iran appointed Mohammad Bagher Zolghadr as secretary of Iran’s Supreme National Security Council. Zolghadr is a former Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) commander and the secretary of the advisory Expediency Council since 2023. His appointment suggests that any Iranian negotiations are going to be more tightly aligned with the IRGC ‘s threat perception and priorities, said Babak Vahdad, a political analyst focusing on Iran.
“Put bluntly: this looks less like a system preparing for compromise, and more like one preparing to manage prolonged confrontation,” Vahdad said.
Some experts have argued that Trump’s postponement of attacks on Iran earlier this week was aimed at calming down oil prices, which have jumped by more than 50 percent since the start of the war, while waiting for thousands of US Marines to reach the Middle East.
Last week, 2,500 Marines, along with an amphibious assault ship, were deployed to the region. In mid -March, the Trump administration had also ordered the deployment of the Japan-based USS Tripoli, another amphibious assault ship believed to have on board thousands more Marines.
Trump has remained vague on whether he plans to send troops on the ground, but he has mulled the idea of seizing Iran’s Kharg island in the north of the Gulf, from which 90 percent of Iranian oil is exported.
“Diplomatic talk is one thing; what I see on the ground is something else,” said Abdulkhaleq Abdulla, a professor of political science from the United Arab Emirates.
Gulf states, as well as other international partners, would never accept a scenario where Iran retains control of the Strait of Hormuz – something that would give Iranians the upper hand on Gulf energy exports for the foreseeable future, said Abdulla.
And since it’s unlikely that Tehran will drop its leverage over the strait, there are few diplomatic solutions left: “It’s the duty of the international community to take it back, and there is one way to do it, the military way,” said Abdulla.
UAE 출신 정치학 교수 압둘하렉 압둘라 (Abdulkhaleq Abdulla)
1) 이란이 호르무즈 해협의 통제권을 가져서는 안된다.
2) 국제 공동체가 해상권을 가져야 한다.
3) 군사적 조치를 취하는 것도 한 방법이다 (압둘라는 미국의 군사작전을 찬성)
출처.
Is Iran’s negotiating position stronger than when US-Israeli war started?
Tehran believes so, and will seek to extract concessions that the US and Gulf nations can't agree to, analysts caution.
www.aljazeera.com
3 AP news.
Iran rejects US ceasefire plan, issues its own demands as strikes land across the Mideast
By JON GAMBRELL, MIKE CORDER, MUNIR AHMED and AAMER MADHANI
Updated 4:04 PM GMT-4, March 25, 2026
DUBAI, United Arab Emirates (AP) — Iran on Wednesday dismissed an American plan to pause the war in the Middle East and launched more attacks on Israel and Gulf Arab countries, including an assault that sparked a huge fire at Kuwait International Airport.
Iran’s defiance came as Israel launched airstrikes on Tehran and as the United States deployed paratroopers and more Marines to the region.
Iran’s Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi said in an interview on state TV that his government has not engaged in talks to end the war, “and we do not plan on any negotiations.” That followed a report from Iranian state TV’s English-language broadcaster, which quoted an anonymous official as saying Iran rejected America’s ceasefire proposal and has its own demands for an end to the fighting.
Earlier, two officials from Pakistan, which transmitted the U.S. plan to Iran, described the 15-point proposal broadly, saying it addressed sanctions relief, a rollback of Iran’s nuclear program, limits on missiles and reopening the Strait of Hormuz, through which a fifth of the world’s oil is shipped.
An Egyptian official involved in the mediation efforts said the proposal also includes restrictions on Iran’s support for armed groups. The officials spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss details not yet released.
White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt insisted the U.S. and Iran are in ongoing talks even as Iranian officials deny it. “Talks continue. They are productive, as the president said on Monday, and they continue to be,” Leavitt said at a White House briefing on Wednesday.
Leavitt warned that if talks with Iran don’t pan out President Donald Trump “will ensure they are hit harder than they have ever been hit before.”
Some of the points in the U.S. ceasefire proposal were nonstarters in negotiations before the war: Iran has insisted it won’t discuss its ballistic missile program or its support of regional militias, which it views as key to its security. And its ability to control passage through the Strait of Hormuz represents one of its biggest strategic advantages.
AP correspondent Ben Thomas reports the Trump administration has reportedly offered Iran a ceasefire plan even as it steps up military deployments to the region.Iran’s attacks on regional energy infrastructure along with its restrictions on the strait have sent oil prices skyrocketing, putting pressure on the U.S. to find a way to end the chokehold and calm markets.
More US troops are on the way to the Middle East
At least 1,000 troops from the 82nd Airborne Division will be sent to the Mideast in the coming days, three people with knowledge of the plans told The Associated Press. They spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive military plans.
The paratroopers are trained to jump into hostile or contested areas to secure key territory and airfields.
The Pentagon is also in the process of sending about 5,000 more Marines, trained in amphibious assaults, and thousands of sailors to the region.
Most Americans believe the U.S. military action against Iran has gone too far, and many are worried about affording gasoline, according to a new AP-NORC poll.
The survey indicates that while Trump’s approval rating is holding steady, the conflict could be swiftly turning into a major political liability for his Republican administration.
Diplomatic efforts face major challenges
Mediators are pushing for possible in-person talks between the Iranians and the Americans, perhaps as soon as Friday in Pakistan, the Egyptian and Pakistani officials said.Trump has said the U.S. is “in negotiations right now” and that the participants included special envoy Steve Witkoff, his son-in-law Jared Kushner, Secretary of State Marco Rubio and Vice President JD Vance. He has not disclosed who from Iran they are in contact with, but said “the other side, I can tell you, they’d like to make a deal.”
Press TV, the English-language broadcaster on Iranian state television, quoted an anonymous official as saying, “Iran will end the war when it decides to do so and when its own conditions are met.”It attributed to the anonymous official an Iranian five-point proposal that included a halt to killings of its officials, means to make sure no other war is waged against it, reparations for the war, the end of hostilities and Iran’s “exercise of sovereignty over the Strait of Hormuz.”
Those measures, particularly reparations and its continued chokehold over the Strait of Hormuz, likely will be unacceptable to the White House.
1) 이란 정치인(공직자) 살해 중단
2) 이란 침략 금지 조치
3) 전쟁 피해 보상
4) 적대조치 종식
5) 호르무즈 해협 주권 행사
While Iran and Oman both have territory in the strait, its narrow shipping channels are viewed as international waters through which all ships can travel.
Any talks between the U.S. and Iran would face monumental challenges. It’s not clear who in Iran’s government has the authority to negotiate — or would be willing to, as Israel has vowed to continue killing the country’s leaders.
Iran remains highly suspicious of the United States, which twice under the Trump administration has attacked during high-level diplomatic talks, including with the Feb. 28 strikes that started the current war.
Israel launches new strikes on Iran — and also comes under attack
The Israeli military said Wednesday afternoon it had completed several waves of airstrikes in Tehran. The army also said that as part of its strikes a day earlier it targeted an Iranian submarine development center in Isfahan.
Missile alert sirens sounded multiple times in Israel as Iran and the Lebanon-based militant group Hezbollah launched attacks. Iran-backed Hezbollah has fired rockets into northern Israel around the clock since the war began, disrupting the lives of hundreds of thousands of people.Iran also kept up the pressure on its Gulf Arab neighbors. Saudi Arabia’s Defense Ministry said it had destroyed at least eight drones in its oil-rich Eastern Province, and missile alert sirens sounded in Bahrain. Kuwait said it shot down multiple drones but that one hit a fuel tank at Kuwait International Airport.
Iran’s death toll has passed 1,500, its Health Ministry has said. Israel says 20 people have died in the war, including two soldiers in Lebanon. At least 13 U.S. military members have been killed, along with more than a dozen civilians in the occupied West Bank and Gulf Arab states.
Authorities say nearly 1,100 people have died in Lebanon, where Israel has targeted Hezbollah. In Iraq, where Iranian-supported militant groups have also entered the conflict, 80 members of the security forces have been killed, a top security adviser, Khalid al-Yaqoubi, said.
Energy prices fall back but remain high
The news of potential negotiations drove down the price of oil. Brent crude oil, the international standard, has neared $120 a barrel during the conflict but was trading around $100 Wednesday. It is still up around 35% from the start of the war.
Economists and leaders have warned of far-reaching effects if energy prices remain high — from rising prices on food and other basics to higher rates for mortgages and auto loans.
Iran has allowed a small number of ships through the Strait of Hormuz, but has said no ships from the U.S., Israel or countries seen as linked to them can pass.
Madhani reported from Washington, Corder from The Hague, Netherlands and Ahmed from Islamabad. Associated Press writers Samy Magdy in Cairo, David Rising in Bangkok, Natalie Melzer in Tel Aviv, Israel, Qassim Abdul-Zahra in Baghdad, and E. Eduardo Castillo in Beijing contributed to this report.JON GAMBRELL
JON GAMBRELL
Gambrell is the news director for the Gulf and Iran for The Associated Press. He has reported from each of the Gulf Cooperation Council countries, Iran and other locations across the world since joining the AP in 2006.
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MIKE CORDER
MIKE CORDER
Corder is a reporter in the Netherlands who covers international courts in The Hague, Dutch politics, news and sport. He has worked at The AP for more than 30 years, including seven years in Australia covering the Asia-Pacific region.
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AAMER MADHANI
Madhani covers the White House for The Associated Press. He is based in Washington.
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1 of 9 | The plan was submitted to Iran by intermediaries from Pakistan, who have offered to host renewed negotiations between Washington and Tehran. It comes as the U.S. military is preparing to deploy at least 1,000 troops from the 82nd Airborne Division to the Middle East in the coming days, according to three people with knowledge of the move who spoke on condition of anonymity.
Read More
2 of 9 | A huge plume of smoke billowed over Kuwait International Airport on Wednesday following a drone attack by Iran. Kuwait said it shot down multiple drones but one hit a fuel tank at Kuwait International Airport, sparking a fire, the General Civil Aviation Authority said.
3 of 9 | An Iranian military spokesperson mocked U.S. attempts at a ceasefire deal Wednesday, insisting that the Americans were only negotiating with themselves.
4 of 9 | Press secretary Karoline Leavitt says US and Iran are in ongoing talks, even as Tehran denies it. Leavitt stresses that more strikes could come if they’re unsuccessful. “Trump will ensure they are hit harder than they have ever been hit before,” she says.
First responders inspect a destroyed car at the site of a residential building hit in an overnight strike during the U.S.-Israeli military campaign in Tabriz, East Azerbaijan Province, northwestern Iran, Tuesday, March 24, 2026. (AP Photo/Matin Hashemi)
5 of 9 | First responders inspect a destroyed car at the site of a residential building hit in an overnight strike during the U.S.-Israeli military campaign in Tabriz, East Azerbaijan Province, northwestern Iran, Tuesday, March 24, 2026. (AP Photo/Matin Hashemi)
Smoke rises from Kuwait international airport after a drone strike on fuel storage in Kuwait City, Kuwait, Friday, Wednesday, March 25, 2026. (AP Photo)
6 of 9 | Smoke rises from Kuwait international airport after a drone strike on fuel storage in Kuwait City, Kuwait, Friday, Wednesday, March 25, 2026. (AP Photo)
This satellite image from Planet Labs PBC shows damage after airstrikes targeting Mehrabad International Airport in Tehran, Iran, March 7, 2026. (Planet Labs PBC via AP)
7 of 9 | This satellite image from Planet Labs PBC shows damage after airstrikes targeting Mehrabad International Airport in Tehran, Iran, March 7, 2026. (Planet Labs PBC via AP)
Firefighters look on as volunteers and first responders inspect the rubble and search for victims at a residential building hit in an overnight strike during the U.S.-Israeli military campaign in Tabriz, East Azerbaijan Province, northwestern Iran, Tuesday, March 24, 2026. (AP Photo/Matin Hashemi)
8 of 9 | Firefighters look on as volunteers and first responders inspect the rubble and search for victims at a residential building hit in an overnight strike during the U.S.-Israeli military campaign in Tabriz, East Azerbaijan Province, northwestern Iran, Tuesday, March 24, 2026. (AP Photo/Matin Hashemi)
Dog salon workers take cover with the dogs in a bomb shelter as air raid sirens warn of incoming Iranian missile strikes in Ramat Gan, Israel, Wednesday, March 25, 2026. (AP Photo/Oded Balilty)
9 of 9 | Dog salon workers take cover with the dogs in a bomb shelter as air raid sirens warn of incoming Iranian missile strikes in Ramat Gan, Israel, Wednesday, March 25, 2026. (AP Photo/Oded Balilty)
