캐나다 자유당 수상 카니가 중국 시진핑을 방문해, 중국산 전기차 4만 9천대 관세를 100%에서 6.1%로 낮춘 것은 큰 사건이다. 트럼프 부들부들.
중국은 캐나다산 식용유 '캐놀라' 관세를 85%에서 15%로 낮춘다(3월 1일자 발효)
2003년 조지 부시가 이라크 파병을 요구하자, 장 크레티앙 자유당 수상이 "캐나다군의 이라크 파병 불가"를 발표해 미국과 맞섰다. 당시 난 약간 놀랬다. 한국 노무현은 대선 전에는 "반미 좀 외치면 어떻냐"고 독립선언했다가, 당선 후에 곧바로 대의명분도 실리도 없는 이라크 파병에 찬성하고 말았다.
크레티앙의 '조지 부시안' 거절을 보며, 개인적으로 국제정치의 복잡성을 뼈저리게 배웠다. 캐나다가 베트남 파병을 거부했지만, 캐나다 자유당이 이라크 파병을 거절할 것이라고는 추측하지 못했다. 미국은 캐나다의 빅브라더, 엉클샘 국제정치론에 나 역시 익숙해졌던 탓이다. 기존 책들과 프레임들에 대해 비판적 태도를 가져야 한다는 교훈을 얻었다.
23년이 지난 2026년 캐나다와 미국이 충돌하고 있다.
아시아는 어떻게 될까?
한국 문제는 국제 문제이기도 하다. 해양세력과 대륙세력이 만나는 지정학적 운명도 있고, 러 중 일 미국과 직결된 나라이기 때문이다.
국제정치에서 미국 트럼프가 '좋은 헤게몬' 을 버렸다는 것에 대해서 캐나다 유럽 한국 등 전통적 우방국가들이 비판적으로 보기 시작했다.
트럼프의 경고와 협박을 비웃듯이 아일랜드,캐나다,한국 정상은 중국 시진핑을 만나 (트럼프 관세)에 저항하는 새 국제질서를 형성하려고 한다.
독일도 제조업을 살리기 위해 중국과 정상회담을 준비하고 있다.
사람들의 오해와 달리 칼 맑스도 자유무역 (free trade)에 대해서 옹호했었다.
미국의 전통적인 우방들이 트럼프 집권 2년 정도만 흘러가길 "인내"하면서도, 다들 각자 살 길을 찾아 나섰다.
인류사에서 통상을,무역을, 사람의 이동을 막아서 성공한 정치가 있었던가?
캐나다 정치가 단순하지 않다. 미국 트럼프의 캐나다 병합 한마디가 100% 패배할 자유당을 다시 집권당으로 만들어줬다. 그런데다 친자본 친미 친월가 대표주자 카니 자유당 수상이 중국 시진핑과 통상질서를 새롭게 만들려고 한다. 캐나다 내부 경제상황도 좋지 않은데, 트럼프의 '오락가락' 행보가 골수까지 친미였던 카니를 베이징까지 날아가게 만들었다.
국제정치의 트럼프식 뉴노멀은 미사여구이고 잘못된 명명이다.
미국 보수적 싱크탱크에서 2003년 이후 미국의 이라크 침공 이후, 미국은 차라리 중국의 헤게모니를 인정하고, 100년 대계를 다시 짜라고 했었다.
지난 250년 유럽이민자들, 잉글리시 이민자 주도의 미국식 체제가 국내적으로 국제적으로도 이렇게 통치 정당성을 잃어버리고, 불량국가 소리를 들은 적이 있던가?
- 캐나다와 중국 통상 회담 뉴스를 보며, 국제 정치의 섬세함을 다시 생각하게 되다. 내 자신의 앎의 부족을 다시 알게되는 밤이다.
캐나다 언론보도.
Here's what you need to know about the Canada-China deal on EVs and canola
Eyes are on Washington to see how Trump administration reacts to agreement
Darren Major · CBC News · Posted: Jan 16, 2026 4:24 PM EST | Last Updated: 3 hours ago
Estimated 8 minutes
People in business attire sit around a large board room table. A row of pink and purple flowers sits in the middle. Canadian and Chinese flags are drapped in the background.
Prime Minister Mark Carney, second from right, and his delegation meets with Chinese President Xi Jinping, far left, and his delegation in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, on Friday. (Sean Kilpatrick/The Canadian Press)
The federal government reached what Prime Minister Mark Carney is calling a "landmark" agreement with China on Friday.
"It's a partnership that reflects the world as it is today, with an engagement that is realistic, respectful and interest-based," Carney told a news conference in Beijing.
The deal comes after a decade of tense relations between the two countries. Here's a breakdown of what's in the deal, how the two countries arrived at this point and how key players are reacting.
What are the details of the agreement?
It is still fairly early into the deal, but the two countries have essentially agreed to lift or lower tariffs on certain products.
The Canadian government has agreed to allow 49,000 Chinese electric vehicles into the market at a tariff rate of 6.1 per cent — a measure that had been in place before Ottawa put a 100 per cent tariff on all Chinese EVs in 2024.
In exchange, Carney says he expects China to lower tariffs on Canadian canola to 15 per cent by March. Beijing will also remove tariffs on Canadian canola meal, lobsters, crab and peas as of March until at least the end of 2026.
Carney's team also told Canada's premiers during a briefing call on Friday that the two sides had made progress to resolve issues around Canadian pork exports, according to sources with knowledge of the call. But Chinese tariffs on pork remain in place.
WATCH | Canada reaches deal with China on EVs, canola:
Canada reaches tariff deal with China on EVs, canola
January 16
|
Duration10:34
Prime Minister Mark Carney says Canada has reached a deal with China to allow tens of thousands of Chinese electric vehicles into the country at a lower tariff rate in exchange for lower duties on canola, lobsters, crabs and peas.
How did we get here?
Although China has hit Canada with canola and other agricultural tariffs in the past — specifically during the Meng Wanzhou extradition trial — the latest tariff spat began a little over a year ago.
Then-prime minister Justin Trudeau announced Canada would slap a 100 per cent tariff on Chinese electric vehicles in the summer of 2024. The move mimicked a similar initiative by the U.S.
Both countries cited concerns about the prospect of Chinese automakers flooding North America with heavily subsidized cars made in a country with poor labour and environmental standards.
China responded to Canada's move by launching an anti-dumping investigation of Canadian canola imports. In March 2025, Beijing put a 100 per cent tariff on Canadian canola oil, canola meal and peas — as well as 25 per cent tariffs on pork and seafood products.
In August, China slapped a 76 per cent tariff on Canadian canola seed.
WATCH | Canola deal surprises crop producers:
Canola deal surprises 'cautiously optimistic' Sask. crop producers
7 hours ago
|
Duration1:43
They weren't expecting a trade pact between Canada and China, but are happy to see some tariff relief. Agricultural Producers Association of Saskatchewan president Bill Prybylski reacts to Friday morning's announcement.
Carney, who took over for Trudeau in March 2025, met Chinese President Xi Jinping on the sidelines of the Asia Pacific Economic Co-operation summit in South Korea in October.
The October meeting was the first official meeting between the two heads of government since 2017. Carney called it a "turning point" in Canada-China relations and talks about the importance of forging new partnerships as the U.S. upends global trade.
The prime minister arrived in China earlier this week for a series of meetings, including with Xi.
Could the deal aggravate the U.S. ahead of the CUSMA review?
Eyes are on the White House to see how Washington will react now that the Canada-China deal has been reached.
Canada placed the tariffs on Chinese EVs in lockstep after the U.S. implemented a nearly identical policy. Ottawa and Washington cited concerns about China possibly flooding North America with heavily subsidized cars.
Both countries — with Mexico — are set to review the Canada-U.S.-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA) later this year.
Trump so far appears unfazed by the Canada-China deal, even saying on Friday that it's a "good thing."
WATCH | Carney says relationship with China more predictable than U.S.:
Canada's relationship with China 'more predictable' than relationship with U.S., PM says
January 16News
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Prime Minister Mark Carney, speaking to reporters in Beijing on Friday after making a preliminary deal with China on a range of issues, said Canada’s relationship with the U.S. is 'more multi-faceted' and much deeper than Canada's relationship with China — but noted that ties with China have become more predictable in recent months.
"That's what [Carney] should be doing. It's a good thing for him to sign a trade deal. If you can get a deal with China, you should do that," Trump told reporters at the White House.
During a Tuesday meeting at the Detroit Economic Club, Trump reportedly said he'd be open to Chinese companies building plants in U.S. towns — as long as they create jobs for Americans.
But one of the president's advisers doesn't seem pleased with the idea of Canada's deal with China. U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer signalled earlier in the week that he thinks Canada would regret making such a deal.
"I think it's problematic for Canada," Greer told CNBC on Thursday. "There's a reason why we don't sell a lot of Chinese cars in the United States. It's because we have tariffs to protect American auto workers and Americans from those vehicles."
Premiers weigh in
Reactions from Canada's premiers have been mixed.
Saskatchewan Premier Scott Moe — who joined Carney on his trip to China — characterized Friday's deal as a "positive step forward."
"[It's] a very positive day for Canada-China relations. A positive day for the agriculture industry in Canada and I think credit goes to the prime minister," Moe told Adam Hunter, host of CBC Radio's The Morning Edition.
Saskatchewan is the largest canola-producing province in Canada, followed by Alberta and Manitoba.
WATCH | Sask. premier and canola producers react to China deal:
Sask. premier and producers react to the new trade agreement with China
8 hours ago
|
Duration2:31
Ottawa has a deal with Beijing that relieves some duties on Canadian canola. In exchange, Canada will let China import tens of thousands of electric vehicles.
"We've been asking in Western Canada, certainly our government here in Manitoba, for an off-ramp for these canola tariffs. So to see some progress here is welcome news," Manitoba Premier Wab Kinew told reporters on Friday.
But over in Ontario, the hub of Canada's auto industry, the deal was met with less enthusiasm. Premier Doug Ford blasted the deal, which he said would allow "Chinese subsidized spy cars" into Canada.
"We're letting China into a market that's going to have lower tariffs than our largest market, the U.S., and I don't think that's going to go over too well with President Trump," Ford said.
WATCH | Premier Ford says China deal will be terrible for auto sector:
Ford says EV deal with China 'is going to be terrible' for Ontarians, auto sector
8 hours ago
|
Duration0:59
Ontario Premier Doug Ford says he did not hear from Prime Minister Mark Carney about the electric vehicle arrangement with China before it was announced, adding 'this was not thought out properly.'
"It's going to hurt every single auto manufacturer, every single supply chain that has anything to do with the auto sector. This was not thought of properly, it wasn't consulted, it was a knee-jerk reaction as far as I'm concerned, and this is going to be a big, big problem."
Sources with knowledge of the prime minister's briefing call with the premiers told CBC News that Ottawa intends to bring forward broader support for the auto industry in the coming weeks.
Farmers praise it, auto industry pans it
Like the premiers, industry players have reacted differently to the deal.
Like Moe, Andre Harpe, chair of the Canadian Canola Growers Association, said the deal is "very good news."
"Industry and farmers were looking for this news… it's going to take some of the uncertainty away. It's going to bring some certainty to the industry," Harpe said.
Cross Country Checkup is asking: Why does Canada’s new EV deal with China matter to you? Leave your question here and we may read it or call you back for Sunday's show.
On the flipside, the auto industry is expressing concerns over the agreement.
"We have been clear that any sort of engagement with China on electric vehicles would be extremely risky at this period," said Brian Kingston, president of the Canadian Vehicle Manufacturers' Association.
"The Canadian economy, the automotive industry, is deeply integrated with the United States. Securing a renewal of our trilateral trade agreement has to be the top priority, and engaging further with China at this time is putting that at risk."
Flavio Volpe, president of the Automotive Parts Manufacturers’ Association and a member of the Prime Minister’s Council on Canada-U.S. Relations, said he wants to see some "guardrails" on the China deal.
"Three-year review. Hard cap on those imports. And, of course, any of those vehicles have to meet Canadian safety standards," Volpe said.
Unifor, Canada's largest private-sector union, panned the new agreement.
"This is a self-inflicted wound to an already injured Canadian auto industry,” president Lana Payne said in a statement.
“Providing a foothold to cheap Chinese EVs, backed by massive state subsidies, overproduction and designed to expand market share through exports, puts Canadian auto jobs at risk while rewarding labour violations and unfair trade practices.”
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Darren Major
Senior writer
Darren Major is a senior writer for CBC's parliamentary bureau in Ottawa. He previously worked as a digital reporter for CBC Ottawa and a producer for CBC's Power & Politics. He holds a master's degree in journalism and a bachelor's degree in public affairs and policy management, both from Carleton University. He also holds master's degree in arts from Queen's University. He can be reached at darren.major@cbc.ca.
With files from Reuters, The Canadian Press and David Cochrane
CBC's Journalistic Standards and Practices·About CBC News
https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/what-is-in-canada-s-trade-agreement-with-china-9.7049082
Here's what you need to know about the Canada-China deal on EVs and canola | CBC News
The federal government reached what Prime Minister Mark Carney is calling a "landmark" agreement with China on Friday. Here's a breakdown of what's in the deal, how the two countries arrived at this point and how key players are reacting.
www.cbc.ca
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